Bending conduit is a skill that separates guys who do clean work from guys who do functional work. A lot of guys eyeball bends and wonder why their runs look like spaghetti. You have to actually use the math.
For offsets, the multiplier method: measure the obstacle height, multiply by the appropriate factor (x2.0 for 30 degree bends, x2.6 for 22.5 degree, x6.0 for 10 degree). Mark your first bend, then measure forward by the offset distance x the center-to-center factor, make your second bend in the opposite direction. The 30 degree offset is the workhorse - it’s versatile, looks clean, and the math is easy. For a 3" obstacle with 30 degree bends: 3 x 2 = 6 inches between bends.
Concentric bends (when bending multiple conduits to follow the same path): the outer conduit needs to be bent to a larger radius than the inner one. The radius difference equals the spacing between conduits. If your conduits are 2" center-to-center and you’re bending a 90 degree, the outer conduit’s stub-up is longer by (spacing x pi/2). Most guys use a concentric bender shoe for production work.