This is one of those topics that generates more heat than light online, so let’s try to have an honest conversation. Union (IBEW) advantages: structured apprenticeship with consistent training, defined wage scales that are publicly negotiated, defined benefits (pension, health insurance, annuity funds) - total compensation for an IBEW JW in a high-wage local is often $80-100+/hour including all benefits. You can travel between locals and work in almost any city.
Union disadvantages: less flexibility (you’re dispatched through the hall, not always working for the same contractor), in some markets there’s limited work, and the culture in some locals is more about seniority than merit. In right-to-work states, union market share is lower and the wages don’t always command the same premium.
Non-union advantages: more entrepreneurial path, potentially faster advancement if you’re with a growing contractor, more flexibility in scope of work, and if you’re talented and reliable, you can negotiate your own compensation. The path to owning your own business is generally easier from the non-union side. Disadvantages: training quality varies enormously between contractors, benefits are contractor-dependent and often less comprehensive. Neither path is right for everyone - know what you value.